One of the most traditional methods for clearing a clogged drain is using a drain snake, also known as an auger. This tool consists of a long, flexible metal cable with a coil or hook at the end. The plumber inserts the snake into the drain and manually rotates it, allowing the tool to break up or retrieve the obstruction. Manual snaking is particularly effective for clearing simple blockages caused by hair, soap scum, or small debris in sinks, bathtubs, and showers.

For tougher clogs that are deeper within the plumbing system, plumbers often use motorized drain augers. These are similar to manual drain snakes but are powered by an electric motor, allowing them to reach further and apply more force. Motorized augers are especially useful for larger pipes or clogs caused by more substantial obstructions, such as tree roots or accumulated grease. The rotating action of the motorized auger helps to dislodge or break apart stubborn clogs, restoring proper drainage.

Hydro jetting is a powerful and effective method that uses high-pressure water to clean drains and pipes. A specialized nozzle is attached to a hose, which is then inserted into the drain. The nozzle sprays water at extremely high pressure, typically between 3,000 to 8,000 PSI, which is strong enough to cut through grease, scale, and even tree roots. Hydro jetting not only removes clogs but also thoroughly cleans the inside of the pipes, reducing the likelihood of future blockages. This method is particularly beneficial for commercial properties or older homes with frequent drain issues.

Before determining the best method for cleaning a drain, plumbers often perform a video camera inspection. This involves inserting a small, waterproof camera into the drain to visually inspect the interior of the pipes. The camera sends real-time footage to a monitor, allowing the plumber to accurately diagnose the cause and location of the blockage. This non-invasive technique is invaluable for identifying problems such as broken pipes, invasive tree roots, or persistent buildup that might require more targeted cleaning methods.

In some cases, plumbers may use chemical drain cleaners to dissolve blockages. These chemicals are typically more potent than over-the-counter products and are used with caution due to their strength. Professional-grade chemical cleaners can break down organic materials, such as hair or grease, and are often used as a last resort when other methods are not effective. However, plumbers are careful to use these chemicals in a way that does not damage the pipes or the environment.

Airburst drain cleaning is a less common but highly effective method that uses compressed air to force clogs out of pipes. This technique involves inserting a nozzle into the drain and releasing a burst of air or carbon dioxide, which creates a shockwave that pushes the clog through the pipe. Airburst cleaning is particularly useful for clearing clogs caused by small debris, grease, or sediment. It’s a quick and non-invasive method, though it’s not suitable for all types of blockages.

When tree roots invade your plumbing system, they can cause severe blockages and damage to your pipes. Plumbers use rooter machines, which are heavy-duty, motorized augers specifically designed to cut through roots and other tough obstructions. The rooter has rotating blades that chop up the roots, allowing them to be flushed out of the system. After the roots are cleared, the plumber may recommend hydro jetting to clean out any remaining debris and prevent future growth.